Kurikulum Merdeka Belajar: Menelaah Trend Model Pembelajaran Di Sekolah Dan Madrasah
The Independent Learning Curriculum: Examining Trends in Learning Models in Schools and Madrasahs
Abstract
Mengingat pentingnya model pembelajaran, tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengidentifikasi dan menganalisis beberapa model pembelajaran yang kerap digunakan dalam penerapan Kurikulum Merdeka Belajar KMB di sekolah dan madrasah. Artikel ini memberikan rekomendasi pada satuan pendidikan (SD/MI, SMP/MTs, SMA/MA, sederajat). Penelitian ini adalah jenis kepustakaan (library research), dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Data diperoleh dari tiga sumber “Google Scholar”, “ScienceDirect”, dan “DOAJ”. Diskusi dalam artikel ini membahas tren model pembelajaran dalam penerapan KMB, yang mencakup lima model pembelajaran utama, yaitu: (1) model “inquiry learning” menekankan proses eksplorasi dan investigasi mandiri oleh siswa, memungkinkan mereka mengembangkan keterampilan berpikir kritis dan pemecahan masalah. (2) model “problem-based learning” (PBL) menantang siswa untuk menyelesaikan masalah nyata, memfasilitasi pembelajaran berbasis pengalaman. (3) model “project-based learning” (PjBL) melibatkan siswa dalam proyek jangka panjang yang menghubungkan teori dan praktik, meningkatkan keterampilan kolaboratif dan kreatif. (4) model “blended learning” menggabungkan pembelajaran tatap muka dan daring, memberikan fleksibilitas dalam proses belajar-mengajar serta memudahkan akses terhadap materi pembelajaran. (5) model “flipped classroom” membalik pendekatan pembelajaran tradisional dengan mengharuskan siswa mempelajari materi di rumah dan melakukan kegiatan praktik serta diskusi di kelas. Dengan demikia, kelima model pembelajaran ini berperan penting dalam mendukung prinsip-prinsip KMB, seperti penguatan pembelajaran yang berpusat pada siswa, peningkatan kreativitas, serta kemandirian belajar. Sehingga model pembelajaran yang digunakan guru terbukti memberikan kontribusi positif dalam mempersiapkan siswa menghadapi tantangan global dan mengembangkan keterampilan abad ke-21.
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